On 10th July 1800, Lord Richard Wellesley, the Governor General of British India at the time, founded Fort William College in Calcutta. The college was located within the Fort William complex. It was created to provide language instruction in various Indian vernacular languages to the civil and military personnel of the East India Company. At this College, numerous books were translated from multiple languages, including Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, Bengali, Hindi, and Urdu, into English. This institution was a center for higher education and served as a school for oriental studies.

Allama Muhammad Iqbal’s PhD thesis was titled “The Development of Metaphysics in Persia.” He completed his doctoral studies from the University of Munich, Germany, in 1908.

Anjuman Himayat e Islam was established in 1884 in Lahore, led by Khalifa Muhammad Hameed ud Din as its founder and first president. The organization aimed to safeguard Islamic customs, educate children, and advocate for advancing Muslim culture. To achieve these goals, it established numerous educational institutions and orphanages, some of which are still operational in present day Pakistan. In addition, It also published the Holy Quran and Sunnah Books and various other books on history of Islam.

The Muslim League joined the Interim Government of India on 02 September 1946. The Interim Government was formed under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru, who was the Vice President of the Viceroy’s Executive Council. The government had 15 ministers, including 05 from the Muslim League. However, the Muslim League withdrew its participation in October 1946, citing differences with the Congress party over the allocation of seats in the government and other issues related to the independence of India. The Muslim League called off its boycott of participation in the Interim Government on October 15, 1946, and joined the reconstituted cabinet. The cabinet continued to have 15 ministers, including 05 from the Muslim League. The Interim Government of India remained in place until 15 August 1947, the date of the independence of India and the creation of Pakistan. The following five ministers from All India Muslim League were part of cabinet:

Sikandar Mirza was the first President of Pakistan who abrogated the Constitution of Pakistan in 1958, thereby imposing Martial Law in the country. General Ayub Khan then took over as the Chief Martial Law Administrator and later became the President of Pakistan.