In a dry cell, the positive electrode, known as the cathode, is typically made of a carbon rod surrounded by a mixture of manganese dioxide and an electrolyte. It facilitates the reduction reaction, where positive ions from the electrolyte gain electrons to generate electrical energy. The negative electrode, called the anode, is usually a zinc container that participates in the oxidation reaction, releasing electrons into the circuit. With the help of an electrolyte, such as a mixture of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride, the dry cell enables the movement of ions between the electrodes, allowing for the flow of current and the provision of electrical power for portable devices.